APA CITATION STYLE EXAMPLES

ELECTRONIC SOURCES

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Formatting Guide

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ONLINE DATABASES
 
WWW RESOURCES
 
IN-TEXT CITATION & DIRECT QUOTES (Author, Year, Page/Paragraph)
   

 

ONLINE DATABASES
Author. (Year). Article Title. Journal Title, Volume number, Pagination. Retrieved <month day, year>, from
<name of the database>.

InfoTrac

Marino, S. (1999). The difference between managing and leading. Industry Week, 248(11), 10. Retrieved June 21, 1999, from General

Reference Center Gold database.
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ProQuest

Amatori, F. (1999, Summer). European business: New strategies, old structures. Foreign Policy, 115, 78-89. Retrieved June 30, 1999,
from ABI/INFORM Global database.
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NewsBank

Oppenheimer, M. (2001, June 15). His words redefined a nation’s expectations. The Hartford Courant, A1. Retrieved January 16,

2004, from NewsBank on-line database.
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Facts On File

Safe drinking water act signed. (1996, August 22). Facts on File World News Digest. Retrieved May 5, 2003, from Facts.com
  database.
Issues and controversies: Racial disparities. (1996, January 13). Issues and Controversies on File. Retrieved May 5,
  2003, from Facts.com database.
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 CQ Press

Hatch, D. (2003, June 6). Drug company ethics. The CQ Researcher Online, 13, 521-524. Retrieved September 8, 2003, from

  CQ Press database.
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eBook

Zeinert, K. (1997). Those courageous women of the Civil War. Brookefield, CT: Millbrook Press. Retrieved March 6, 2001, from

NetLibrary: http://www.netlibrary.com/ 
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WWW RESOURCES / ELECTRONIC MEDIA

Author A. A. <if available>. (Date of publication; write n.d. If there is no date). Title of article or chapter. In Book Title
  (omit “In” for articles). Retrieved on date retrieved <month, day, year>, from <URL>.
Internet article based on a print source

Honeycutt, E. D., Glassman, M., Zugelder, M. T., & Karande, K. (2001, July). Determinants of ethical behavior: A study of

autosalespeople [Electronic version]. Journal of Business Ethics, 32(1), 69-79.
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Chapter or a section of an online document

The Foundation for a Better World. (2000). Pollution and banana cream pie. In Great chefs cook with chlorofluorocarbons and carbon

monoxide (Chap. 3). Retrieved July 13, 2001, from http://www.bamm.com/cream/pollution/bananas.htm
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Article in an internet-only journal

Booth, M. (1997, January 6). Protecting quality under Medicaid managed care. Online Journal of Issues in Nursing. Retrieved

November 24, 2003, from http://www.nursingworld.org/ojin/tpc2_4.htm
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Daily newspaper article, electronic version

Hilts, P. J. (1999, February 16). In forecasting their emotions, most people flunk out. New York Times. Retrieved November 21, 2000,
from http://www.nytimes.com
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Article in an electronic magazine (e-zine)

Adler, J. (1999, May 17). Ghost of Everest. Newsweek. Retrieved May 19, 1999, from

http://newsweek.com/nw-srv/issue/20_99a/printed/int/socu/so0120_1.htm
Kirby, A. (1999, February 11). Apes in line for legal rights. BBC News. Retrieved June 10, 2000, from
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/277031.stm
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Article from an online encyclopedia

Bergman, P. G. & Editors of Encyclopedia Britannica Online. (1994-1999). Relativity. Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Retrieved

August 4, 1999, from Encyclopedia Britannica Online on the World Wide Web:
http://search.eb.com/bol/topic?eu=117376&sctn=1
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Encyclopedia article on CD-ROM

Management and control of companies. (1999). In Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved from Encyclopaedia Britannica (CD-ROM, Fall

1998 release).
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Document on an academic department Web site

Gordon, C. H., Simmons, P., & Wynn, G. (2001). Plagiarism: What it is, and how to avoid it. Retrieved July 24, 2001, from Biology
Program Guide 2001/2002 at the University of British Columbia Web site: http://www.zoology.ubc.ca/bpg/plagiarism.htm
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Dissertations from an online database

Embar-Seddon, A. R. (2000). Perceptions of violence in the emergency department. [Abstract]. Dissertation Abstracts International, 61
(02), 776A. Retrieved August 23,2001, from http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit9963641
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Government report obtained online

U.S. Public Health Service. (2000). Report of the surgeon general's conference on children's mental health: A national section

agenda. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Retrieved August 25, 2001, from
http://www.surgeongeneral.gov/chilreport.htm
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Report from a private organization, available on the organization's Web site

Nike, Inc. (2001) Annual Report 2001. Retrieved September 13, 2001, from the Nike, Inc. Web site http://www.nike.com
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Technical or research report - (if authors and Web hosts are different entities, both must be included in citation)

University of California, San Francisco, Institute for Health and Aging. (1996, November). Chronic care in America: A 21st century

challenge. Retrieved September 9, 2000, from the Robert Wood Foundation Web site: http://www.rwjf.org/library/chrcare
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Article with no author and/or publication date available

Computer based ergonomics. (n.d.). Retrieved September 26, 2001, from http://www.ergoweb.com
United States Sentencing Commission. (n.d.). 1997 sourcebook of federal sentencing statistics. Retrieved December 8, 1999, from
http://www.ussc.gov/annrpt/1997/sbtoc97.htm
Greater Hattiesburg Civic Awareness Group, Task Force on Sheltered Programs. (n.d.). Fund-raising efforts. Retrieved November 10,
2001, from http://www.hattiesburgcag.org
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IN-TEXT CITATION EXAMPLES - (Author, Year, Page -- or Paragraph number where pagination is not given)

Document from an online database (with pagination)
According to Marino (1999, p. 10), the difference between "leadership" and "management" requires clarification.
There are differences between "leadership" and "management", which need to be clarified (Marino, 1999, p. 10).
view complete reference entry
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Document posted on a web site (without pagination - include section heading and/or paragraph number)
The Great Ape Project [GAP] has stirred controversy in the UK (Kirby, 1999, Shared Path section, para. 6).
Kirby (1999) reports on the controversy surrounding the Great Ape Project (Shared Path section, para. 6).
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Personal Communiation (emails, discussion forum messages, electronic bulletin boards, weblogs, etc.)
  A. P. Smith also claimed that many of her students had difficulties with APA style (personal communication, November 3, 2002).
NOTE: Personal communication is not included in the reference list.
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DIRECT QUOTATIONS
Direct quotation with author identified in text:
Marino (1999) disagrees with the common definitions of "leadership" and "management," and offered the following explanation:
  In my opinion, managers and leaders have significantly different personalities and there should be no confusion about
  what those differences are, or how the functions performed by managers and leaders differ. There are many simpler,
  shorter, starker, and more significant ways to describe those innate differences. (p. 10)
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Direct quotation with author identified in parentheses:
In contrast to commonly held definitions, "managers and leaders have significantly different personalities and there should be no
confusion about what those differences are, or how the functions performed by managers and leaders differ" (Marino, 1999, p. 10).
view complete reference entry
Some critics have accused activists in the Great Ape Project of "exaggerating the supposed similarities of the apes [to humans]
to stop their use in experiments" (Kirby, 1999, Shared Path section, para. 6).
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Direct quotation in text (fewer than 40 words):
Kirby (1999) reports that some critics have accused activists in the Great Ape Project of "exaggerating the supposed
similarities of the apes [to humans] to stop their use in experiments" (Shared Path section, para. 6).
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Block quotation (40 words or longer):
Kirby (1999) reports on the controversy surrounding the proposed rights for apes:
  Dr Goodall says GAP is not about human rights, but about starting to extend to other species "certain basic rights that
  we extend to the human family". Some say that, because the apes look like us, we cease to be objective and start
  seeing similarities where none exist. Others believe GAP is exaggerating the supposed similarities of the apes to stop
  their use in experiments. Some of these counter arguments are featured in this week's New Scientist. (Shared Path
  section, para. 4)
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For further information, consult: 
American Psychological Association. (2001). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (5th ed.). Washington,
  DC: Author.

 

Questions? Email to library@baker.edu

Revised September 2005